Multisensory Integration (top picks ⭐)

Sousa BG, Senkowski D, Li SC. Preprint. Observing being touched enhances the neural processing and perception of gentle stroking. (📥)

⭐  Rohe T, Senkowski D. Preprint. Causal role of the individual alpha phase in multisensory integration. (📥)
This computational EEG study demonstrates an individual relationship between alpha phase and multisensory perception, supporting the concept of personalized neuroscience.

Günaydın, G, Moran JK, Rohe T, Senkowski D. In press. Causal inference shapes crossmodal postdiction in multisensory integration. Scientific Reports. (📥)

⭐ Senkowski D, Engel AK. 2024. Multi-timescale neural dynamics for multisensory integration. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 25:625-642. (📥)
This article provides a new perspective on the role of neural timescales for multisensory processing.

Michail G, Senkowski D, Holtkamp M, Wachter B, Keil J. 2022. Early beta oscillations in multisensory association areas underlie crossmodal performance enhancement. Neuroimage. 257:119307. (📥)

Keil J, Senkowski D, Moran JK. 2022. Early and late evoked brain responses differentially reflect feature encoding and perception of the flash-lag illusion. Neuroimage. 246:118787. (📥)

⭐ Michail G, Senkowski D, Niedeggen M, Keil J. 2021. Memory load alters perception-related oscillations during multisensory integration. Journal of Neuroscience. 41:1505-1515. (📥)
This EEG study shows that interactions between working memory and multisensory perception are expressed in beta and theta oscillations.

Kaiser M, Senkowski D, Keil J. 2021. Mediofrontal-theta-band oscillations reflect top-down influence in the ventriloquist illusion. Human Brain Mapping. 42:452-466. (📥)

Kaiser M, Senkowski D, Busch NA, Balz J, Keil J. 2019. Single trial prestimulus oscillations predict perception of the sound-induced flash illusion. Scientific Reports. 9:5983. (📥)

⭐ Keil J, Senkowski D. 2018. Neural oscillations orchestrate multisensory processing. Neuroscientist. 6:609-626. (📥) 
The review provides an overview of the role of neural oscillations in different frequency bands for multisensory integration.

Michail G, Keil J. 2018. High cognitive load enhances the susceptibility to non-speech audiovisual illusions. Scientific Reports. 8:11530. (📥)

Keil J, Pomper U, Feuerbach N, Senkowski D. 2017. Temporal orienting precedes intersensory attention and has opposing effects on early evoked brain activity. Neuroimage. 148:230-239. (📥)

Keil J, Senkowski D. 2017. Individual alpha frequency relates to the sound-induced flash illusion. Multisensory Research. 30:565-578. (📥)

⭐ Keil J, Pomper U, Senkowski D. 2016. Distinct patterns of local oscillatory activity and functional connectivity underlie intersensory attention and temporal prediction. Cortex. 74:277-288. (📥)
This EEG study demonstrates functional coupling within cortical networks involved in temporal processing and intersensory attention.

⭐ Balz J, Keil J, Roa Romero Y, Mekle R, Schubert F, Aydin S, Ittermann B, …, J, Senkowski D. 2016. GABA concentration in superior temporal sulcus predicts gamma power and perception in the sound-induced flash illusion. Neuroimage. 125:724-730. (📥)
This combined EEG-MRS study shows that GABA concentration in superior temporal sulcus mediates the relationship between gamma oscillations and multisensory integration.

Krebber M, Harwood J, Spitzer B, Keil J, Senkowski D. 2015. Visuotactile motion congruence enhances gamma-band activity in visual and somatosensory cortices. Neuroimage. 117:160-169. (📥)

Roa Romero Y, Senkowski D, Keil J. 2015. Early and late beta-band power reflect audiovisual perception in the McGurk illusion. Journal of Neurophysiology. 113:2342-2350. (📥)

⭐ Pomper U, Keil J, Foxe JJ, Senkowski D. 2015. Intersensory selective attention and temporal orienting operate in parallel and are instantiated in spatially distinct sensory and motor cortices. Human Brain Mapping. 36:3246-59. (📥)
This EEG study demonstrates how oscillatory power in different frequency bands supports temporal processing and intersensory attention.

Pomper U, Brincker J, Harwood J, Prikhodko I, Senkowski D. 2014. Taking a call is facilitated by the multisensory processing of smartphone vibrations, sounds, and flashes. PLOS ONE. 9:e103238. (📥) (Press release)

Schepers IM, Schneider TR, Hipp JF, Engel AK, Senkowski D (2013). Noise alters beta-band activtiy in superior temporal cortex during audiovisual speech processing. Neuroimage. 70:101-112. (📥)

Krause H, Schneider TR, Engel AK, Senkowski D. 2012 Capture of visual attention interferes with multisensory speech processing. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience. 6:67. (📥)

Schneider TR, Lorenz S, Senkowski D, Engel AK. 2011. Gamma-band activity as a signature for cross-modal priming of auditory object recognition by active haptic exploration. Journal of Neuroscience. 31:2502-2510. (📥)

Senkowski D, Saint-Amour D, Höfle M, Foxe JJ. 2011. Multisensory interactions in early evoked brain activity follow the principle of inverse effectiveness. Neuroimage. 56:2200-2208. (📥)

⭐ Talsma D, Senkowski D, Soto-Faraco S, Woldorff MG. 2010. The multifaceted interplay between attention and multisensory integration. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 14:400-410. (📥)
This review highlights the close relationship between attention and multisensory processing.

Talsma D, Senkowski D, Woldorff MG. 2009. Intermodal attention affects the processing of the temporal alignment of audiovisual stimuli. Experimental Brain Research. 198:313-328. (📥)

Senkowski D, Schneider TR, Tandler F, Engel AK. 2009. Gamma-band activity reflects multisensory matching in working memory. Experimental Brain Research. 198:363-372. (📥)

Spence C, Senkowski D, Roder B. 2009. Crossmodal processing. Experimental Brain Research. 198:107-110. (📥)

⭐ Senkowski D, Schneider TR, Foxe JJ, Engel AK. 2008. Crossmodal binding through neural coherence: implications for multisensory processing. Trends in Neurosciences. 8:401-409. (📥)
This review provides an overview of early evidence indicating that neural oscillations play a role in multisensory integration.

Senkowski D, Saint-Amour D, Gruber T, Foxe JJ. 2008. Look who’s talking: the deployment of visuo-spatial attention during multisensory speech processing under noisy environmental conditions. Neuroimage. 43:379-387. (📥)

Senkowski D, Saint-Amour D, Kelly SP, Foxe JJ. 2007. Multisensory processing of naturalistic objects in motion: a high-density electrical mapping and source estimation study. Neuroimage. 36:877-888. (📥)

Senkowski D, Gomez-Ramirez M, Lakatos P, Wylie GR, Molholm S, Schroeder CE, Foxe JJ. 2007. Multisensory processing and oscillatory activity: analyzing non-linear electrophysiological measures in humans and simians. Experimental Brain Research. 177:184-195. (📥)

Senkowski D, Talsma D, Grigutsch M, Herrmann CS, Woldorff MG. 2007. Good times for multisensory integration: Effects of the precision of temporal synchrony as revealed by gamma-band oscillations. Neuropsychologia. 45:561-571. (📥)

Senkowski D, Molholm S, Gomez-Ramirez M, Foxe JJ. 2006. Oscillatory beta activity predicts response speed during a multisensory audiovisual reaction time task: a high-density electrical mapping study. Cerebral Cortex. 16:1556-1565. (📥)

⭐ Senkowski D, Talsma D, Herrmann CS, Woldorff MG. 2005. Multisensory processing and oscillatory gamma responses: effects of spatial selective attention. Experimental Brain Research. 166:411-426. (📥)
This EEG study provides the first evidence of an early crossmodal phase–resetting mechanism in auditory cortex.

Neural Signatures of Schizophrenia

Moran JK and Senkowski D. 2025. Intersensory attention deficits in schizophrenia relate to ongoing sensorimotor beta oscillations. Schizophrenia 19. (📥)

Senkowski D and Moran JK. 2022. Early evoked brain activity underlies auditory and audiovisual speech recognition deficits in schizophrenia. Neuroimage:Clinical. 33, 102909. (📥)

⭐ Moran JK, Keil J, Masurovsky A, Gutwinski S, Montag C, Senkowski D. 2021. Multisensory processing can compensate for top-down attention deficits in schizophrenia. Cerebral Cortex. 31:5536-5548. (📥)
This study revealed that individuals with schizophrenia have relatively intact multisensory integration, which can compensate for attention deficits.

Wooldridge J, Kaiser M, Roa Romero Y, Riecke L, Keil J, Senkowski D. 2020. Low-frequency oscillations reflect aberrant tone restoration during the auditory continuity illusion in schizophrenia. Scientific Reports. 10:11872. (📥)

⭐ Moran JK, Michail G, Heinz A, Keil J, Senkowski D. 2019. Long-Range Temporal Correlations in Resting State Beta Oscillations are Reduced in Schizophrenia. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 10:517. (📥)
This study shows that people with schizophrenia exhibit reduced beta-band temporal stability, confirming network dysfunction in this disorder.

Balz J, Roa Romero Y, Keil J, Schubert F, Ittermann B, Mekle R, Montag C, Gallinat J, Senkowski D. 2018. Glutamate concentration in the superior temporal sulcus relates to neuroticism in schizophrenia. Frontiers in Psychology. 9:578. (📥)

Balz J, Roa Romero Y, Keil J, Krebber M, Niedeggen M, Gallinat J, Senkowski D. 2016. Beta/gamma oscillations and event-related potentials indicate aberrant multisensory processing in schizophrenia. Frontiers in Psychology. 7:1896. (📥)

⭐ Roa Romero Y, Keil J, Balz J, Gallinat J, Senkowski D. 2016. Reduced frontal theta oscillations indicate altered crossmodal prediction error processing in schizophrenia. Journal of Neurophysiology. 116:1396-1407. (📥)
This study demonstrates that schizophrenia patients exhibit deficient frontal theta-band oscillations during crossmodal prediction error processing

Roa Romero Y, Keil J, Balz J, Niedeggen M, Gallinat J, Senkowski D. 2016. Alpha-band oscillations reflect altered multisensory processing of the McGurk illusion in schizophrenia. Frontiers in Human Neurosciences. 10:41. (📥)

Keil J, Roa Romero Y, Balz J, Henjes M, Senkowski D. 2016. Positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia relate to distinct oscillatory signatures of sensory gating. Frontiers in Human Neurosciences. 10:104. (📥)

⭐ Senkowski D, Gallinat J. 2015. Dysfunctional prefrontal gamma-band oscillations reflect working memory and other cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry. 77:1010-1019. (📥)
This review highlights the role of frontal gamma oscillations for working memory deficits in patients with schizophrenia.

Gallinat J, Winterer G, Herrmann CS, Senkowski D. 2004. Reduced oscillatory gamma-band responses in unmedicated schizophrenic patients indicate impaired frontal network processing. Clinical Neurophysiology. 115:1863-1874. (📥)

Gallinat J, Mulert C, Bajbouj M, Herrmann WM, Schunter J, Senkowski D, Moukhtieva R, Kronfeldt D, Winterer G. 2002. Frontal and temporal dysfunction of auditory stimulus processing in schizophrenia. Neuroimage. 17:110-127. (📥)

Senkowski D, Heinz A. 2016. Chronic pain and distorted body image: Implications for multisensory feedback interventions. Neuroscience Biobehavioral Reviews. 69:252-259. (📥)

⭐ Senkowski D, Höfle M, Engel AK. 2014. Crossmodal shaping of pain: a multisensory approach to nociception. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 18:319-327. (📥)
This review examines how crossmodal stimulation can modulate pain perception through frequency-specific oscillations and functional connectivity.

Pomper U, Höfle M, Hauck M, Kathmann N, Engel AK, Senkowski D. 2013 Crossmodal bias of visual input on pain perception and pain-induced beta activity. Neuroimage. 66:469-478. (📥)

Höfle M, Pomper U, Hauck M, Engel AK, Senkowski D. 2013. Spectral signatures of viewing a needle approaching one’s body when anticipating pain. European Journal of Neuroscience. 38:3089-3098. (📥)

⭐ Höfle M, Hauck M, Engel AK, Senkowski D. 2012. Viewing a needle pricking a hand that you perceive as yours enhances unpleasantness of pain. Pain. 153:1074-1081. (📥) (Press release & Scientific American podcast)
This study demonstrates that viewing needle pricks increases pain unpleasantness through learned experiences, while situational expectations modulate perceived pain intensity.

⭐ Senkowski D, Kautz J, Hauck M, Zimmermann R, Engel AK. 2011 Emotional facial expressions modulate pain-induced beta and gamma oscillations in sensorimotor cortex. Journal of Neuroscience. 31:14542-14550. (📥)
This MEG study shows that emotional facial expressions enhance pain perception and modulate sensorimotor beta oscillations to facilitate protective motor responses.

Höfle M, Hauck M, Engel AK, Senkowski D. 2010. Pain processing in multisensory enviornments. e-Neuroforum. 1:23-28. (📥)

Other Topics

Hofmann W, Kinder A, Pekar J. 2024. How learning influences non-symbolic numerical processing: effects of feedback in the dot comparison task. Frontiers in Psychology. 14: 1287429. (📥)

Schouler-Ocak M, Moran JK. 2024. Anxiety and mood disorders in forcibly displaced people across the world. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 37: 18-22. (📥)

⭐ Senkowski D, Ziegler T, Singh M, Heinz A, He J, Silk T, Lorenz RC. 2024. Assessing inhibitory control deficits in adult ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the stop-signal task. Neuropsychology Review. 34:548-567. (📥) (Press release)
This meta-analysis demonstrates reliable inhibitory control deficits in adult ADHD on the stop-signal task, suggesting it could serve as a valuable assessment tool for this disorder.

Moran JK, Jesuthasan J, Schalinski I, Kurmeyer C, Oertelt-Prigione S, … Schouler-Ocak M. 2023. Traumatic life events and association with depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms in female refugees. JAMA Network Open. 6:e2324511. (📥)

⭐ Senkowski D, Sobirey R, Haslacher D, Soekadar SR. 2022. Boosting working memory: uncovering the differential effects of tDCS and tACS. Cerebral Cortex Communications. 3:tgac018. (📥)
This review highlights that single-session tACS and multi-session tDCS, but not single-session tDCS, can modulate working memory performance in healthy adults.

Speer L, Schuler M, Keil J, Moran JK, Pantazidis P, Amelung T, Florack J, Beier KM, Senkowski D. 2022. Sexual preference for prepubescent children is associated with enhanced processing of child faces in juveniles. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 31:261-274. (📥)

Moran JK, Bretz J, Winkler J, Gutwinski S, Brandl EJ, Schouler-Ocak M. 2021. The differential impact of lockdown measures upon migrant and female psychiatric patients – a cross-sectional survey in a psychiatric hospital in Berlin, Germany. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 28:642784. (📥)

Kaiser M, Senkowski D, Roa Romero Y, Riecke L, Keil J. 2018. Reduced low-frequency power and phase locking reflect restoration in the auditory continuity illusion. European Journal of Neuroscience. 48:2849-2856. (📥)

⭐ Senkowski D, Pomper U, Fitzner I, Engel AK, Kral A. 2014. Beta-band activity in auditory pathways reflects speech localization and recognition in bilateral cochlear implant users. Human Brain Mapping. 35:3107-3121. (📥)
This study demonstrates that speech localization difficulties in bilateral cochlear implant users reflect processing effort rather than cortical reorganization, suggesting device improvements could enhance performance.

Gallinat J, Kunz D, Senkowski D, Kienast T, Seifert F, Schubert F, Heinz A. 2006. Hippocampal glutamate concentration predicts cerebral theta oscillations during cognitive processing. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 187:103-11. (📥)

Senkowski D, Röttger S, Grimm S, Foxe JJ, Herrmann CS. 2005. Kanizsa subjective figures capture visual spatial attention: evidence from electrophysiological and behavioral data. Neuropsychologia. 43:872-886. (📥)

Herrmann CS, Senkowski D, Röttger S. 2004. Phase-locking and amplitude modulations of EEG alpha: Two measures reflect different cognitive processes in a working memory task. Experimental Psychology. 51:311-318. (📥)

Gallinat J, Senkowski D, Wernicke C, Juckel G, Becker I, Sander T, Smolka M, Hegerl U, Rommelspacher H, Winterer G,Herrmann WM. 2003. Allelic variants of the functional promoter polymorphism of the human serotonin transporter gene is associated with auditory cortical stimulus processing. Neuropsychopharmacology. 28:530-532. (📥)

Senkowski D, Linden M, Zubrägel D, Bär T, Gallinat J. 2003. Evidence for disturbed cortical signal processing and altered serotonergic neurotransmission in generalized anxiety disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 53:304-314. (📥)

Herrmann CS, Senkowski D, Maess B, Friederici AD. 2002. Spatial versus object feature processing in human auditory cortex: a magnetoencephalographic study. Neuroscience Letters. 334:37-40. (📥)

Senkowski D, Herrmann CS. 2002. Effects of task difficulty on evoked gamma activity and ERPs in a visual discrimination task. Clinical Neurophysiology. 113:1742-1753. (📥)

Keil J and Senkowski D (2019) Neural network dynamics and audiovisual integration. In: Springer Handbook of Auditory Research on Multisensory Processes. Editor: Wallace M. (📥)

Senkowski D and Engel AK (2012). Oscillatory activity and multisensory processing. In: The New Handbook of Multisensory Processes. MIT Press. Editor: Stein BE. MIT Press. p. 193-205. (📥)

Talsma D, Senkowski D, Soto-Faraco S, Woldorff MG (2012). Influences of top-down attention on multisensory processing. The New Handbook of Multisensory Processes. MIT Press. Editor: Stein BE, p. 371-381. (📥)

Engel AK, Senkowski D, Schneider TR (2012). Multisensory integration through neural coherence. In: Frontiers in the Neural Bases of Multisensory Processing. Editors: Murray MM and Wallace MT. CRC Press, Chapter 7, p. 115-130. (📥)